fall under 被归入;属于… v.s. fall outside… 不属于…
lay down 规定
we present our strategy for 我们提出我们的策略为了…
be shaped by 由…决定
for simplicity 为简单起见 = For reasons of brevity,
It emerges that 可以看出…
where the subscripts i, s, j , and t respectively denote firm, HS 4-digit product category (or 2-digit sector if HS2), destination country, and year.
其中,下标i、s、j和t分别表示公司、HS 4位产品类别(HS2为2位行业)、目的地国家和年份。
TUV hereafter 以下简称TUV
hold with… 与…相符;与…一致
induce… 导致了…
Consistent with our reasoning, 与我们的推理一致,
The presence of… …的存在
be inclined to… 倾向于…
be less inclined to… 不太倾向于…
cope with 处理,对付
to wrap up 总结一下,= By and large, 总的来说 = All in all, 总之
sth enabled by the inclusion of…. sth包含了…
Specifically, 具体来说,
equilibrium-like conjecture 类均衡猜想
incremental cost 增量成本
This approximates 这近似于…
the above two mentioned variables 上述两个变量
plausibly 似乎有理由地
might be high enough to overpass… 可能高得足以超过…
The idea is that… 其想法是…
take the stock of… 评估…
be attenuated on… 在…方面被减弱
be magnified on… 在… 方面被放大
in terms of… 根据…; 依照…; 在…方面
mimics 模拟了…
dependent variable y 因变量y
The dependent variable y is in turn: 因变量y依次为…
cell 单元
time invariant 不随时间改变的变量
shed light on … 阐明…
with a negligible role of the intensive margin. 深度边际的作用可以忽略不计。
with a negligible role of… …的作用可以忽略不计
disentangle… 厘清…的关系
decomposition exercise 分解操作
Then we can calculate the share of total exports due to respectively incumbent and entry-exit exporters
然后我们可以分别计算现有和出入境出口商在总出口中的份额
the share of total trade due to the entry-exit of firms 企业的进出在贸易总额中所占的份额
the share of total aggregate exports by respectively incumbent and new entry exporters 现有和新进入的出口商在出口总额中所占的份额
explore an under-researched area in… 探讨一个在…方面未被研究的领域
while affecting trade de facto. 同时影响到事实上的贸易
market access 市场准入
they disproportionately affect smaller companies 它们不成比例地影响较小的公司(它们对小公司的影响更大)
Furthermore, 此外,
The paper proceeds as follows. 论文的内容如下
which is set out in full detail in the Technical Appendix. 这在技术部分中有完整的详细说明
in line with… 以符合…
a wide class of… 广泛的…
including the canonical ones just cited 包括刚才引用的那些经典的
With the exception of… 除了… 以外 = in addition to… 除了…以外
in principle 基本上,大体上,原则上
straightforward. 简单的;直截了当的
As set out above, 如上所述,= as discussed above,
scenario 方案;情节;设想;剧本
as yet 迄今为止;到目前为止
An intuitively appealing approach 一个直观上有吸引力的方法
from the actual requirement 从实际需求出发
With this in mind, 考虑到这一点,
Based on this result, 基于这一结果,
we conclude that 我们得出结论…
as evidenced by the recent literature. 最近的文献证明了这一点
Intuitively, 直觉上看,
whereas 然而
take a broad view of…. 对…有广泛的看法
focus the discussion on… 集中讨论了…
is close to unity 接近统一
account for… 对… 做出解释
The obvious conclusion is that… 显而易见的结论是…
in the sense that 从某种意义上说
be conceptualized as… 被概念化为…
within the bloc 在集团内
Subsequent elaborations 随后的详细说明
the undesirable feature 不可取的特征
in this respect 在这方面
ceteris paribus, 保持其他条件不变,
where Y denotes… 其中Y代表…
proper inferences 正确的推论
This yields… 这就产生了…
customarily used. 通常被使用
For a cross section, 对于横截面,
ex post analysis 事后分析
ex ante analysis 事前分析
is vulnerable to… 易受…的破坏
Notwithstanding these limitations, 尽管有这些限制,
implied 隐含的
I’m not that familiar with it 我对它不是很熟悉
like-minded people 志同道合的人
What you are sketching sounds very promising 你描绘的蓝图听起来很有前途
promising 有希望的,有前途的
barely 几乎没有;几乎不
I really appreciate your help. 我非常感谢你的帮助
I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. 假如你支付现金的话,我会不胜感激。
I’d appreciate your input on this. 我将感激你在这方面的投入。
mind blowing 令人极度兴奋的
there is a certain degree of research gap in this field. 这一领域存在一定程度的研究空白。
pay special attention to 特别关注于…
substantially 本质上说
assimilate 吸收(知识)
In the worst-case scenario,在最坏的情况下,
rest a little bit on their laurels 沾沾自喜(字面意思:在他们的桂冠上稍事休息)
good value for money 物有所值
under budget 在预算以内
over costing 成本超出预算
fall down on… 在…中失败
common pitfall 常见的陷阱
on their case for support 他们需要支持
the night before it is due. 截止日的前一晚
the transformative nature 具有变革的性质
in the light of… 根据…
refine and revise your research proposal 完善和修改你的研究计划
preliminary findings 初步的发现
have a role in… 在…中发挥作用
vies with… 与…角逐;争斗
eliminated the need for… 消除做…的需要
closely resembles… 与…很相似
short-term fallout 短期影响
beyond the scope of the current paper. 超出了本文的范围
stance 立场
disruptive effects 破坏性的影响
in the wake of… 在…之后
regain the severed ties 恢复断绝的关系
undertake 承担;从事…
present… 提出…
take a close look at… 仔细观察…
trade restrictiveness indices 贸易限制指数
in collaboration with… 与…合作
be complemented with… 辅以…
draw conclusions in terms of welfare 得出关于福利方面的结论
assess their impact on 评估他们对…的影响
exchange with… 与…交流
they deem appropriate. 他们认为合适的 deem 认为
be superseded by… 被…所取代
a measure comes under… 一项措施属于…
sth are granted to sb sb被授予sth
take advantage of… 充分利用…
body 机构
exclusion of some small producers from the export markets 把一些小生产者排除在出口市场之外
on account of… 因为…
give undue weight to… 重视… (undue 过度的)
differ among export markets 在不同的出口市场是不同的
complementarity 互补
they underline that … 他们强调…
totally offset by… 被…完全抵消
Most Favored Nation (or MFN) 最惠国
Lastly, 最后一点,
pertinent information 相关的信息
provisionally adopt measures 临时采取措施
are the most predominant. 是最主要的
breakdown n. 细目;分类,分解
fall outside… 不属于…
De Facto 事实上的,实际上的
provision 规定
necessitate prior approval 需要事先批准
as has been illustrated above, 如上所述,
it is evident that 显而易见
That being said, 话虽如此,
for example bulk grains, vegetables and fruit for processing, etc 例如散装谷物、加工蔬菜和水果等
Likewise, 同样地,
More generally, 更普遍地说,
per se 本身来说;就自身而言
In principle, 原则上来说,基本上
promulgation 颁布
a wide constituency of… 一大批…的支持者
more succinctly, 更简洁地说
referring to public measures exclusively. 只涉及公共措施
exclusively = only 只;唯一地
notifications 通报
focal point 焦点(协调中心)
backed by international organizations 由国际组织支持
compliance with… 遵守…
decentralized 分散的
dissemination 传播
adverse effect 不利影响;副作用
signal v. 表明
offer some information on… 提供一些关于…的信息
except in 2004 除了2004年
in nature 本质上
For the time being 目前(暂时来说)
they are updated on a regular basis 它们被定期更新
keep track of… 跟踪…
data can be accessed (through WTO) at www.XXX.com = data is available (throuth WTO) at www.XXX.com
measures imposed by UK = measure applied in UK 在英国实行的措施
two drawbacks = two weaknesses 两个缺点
be used less often 使用频率低 V.S. be used more often 使用频率高
Formally, 从形式上看,
anti-dumping and countervailing duties 反倾销税和反补贴税
take the form of… 采取…样的形式
While one cannot achieve this benchmark, 虽然无法达到这一标准,
soften the endogeneity problem 减少内生性问题
originate in part from… 部分源于…
et al. …等人
underline that… 强调…
more or less 或多或少地
sth is specific to… sth仅针对…而言
independently of… 与…无关
is intended to… 旨在…
keep in mind 牢记
an upward trend 一个上升趋势
an downward trend 一个下降趋势
Two remarks should be made: 有两点需要说明:
exclusively = only 只;仅仅
and so forth 等等 = etc.
colon 冒号:
slash 斜线(即“/”)
double quote 双引号“ ”
comma 逗号,
underscore 下划线_
At this stage, 在此,眼下
in question 正在考虑中的
in the case of… 在…情况下
give rise to 引起;导致;产生
this is not necessarily so. 事实并非如此
have little to do with… 和… 关系不大
exclude… 排除…
be exacerbated 被加剧
favor… 有利于…
Ex-post estimations 事后估计
ex-ante simulations 事前模拟
omnipresent 无处不在的
indissociable 不可分割的
Conceptually, 从概念上来讲,
As mentioned, 如前所述,
be derived from… 源于…
indefinite impact 不确定的影响
be generalized 被概括
augment v.增加
name the most common. 列举出最常见的
Up until the 2000s, 直到21世纪初,
to a large extent, 在很大程度上,
canonical specification 标准规范
thus bias 因此产生的偏误
remains with… 在于…
are compiled up to 2004. 是截至2004年的
As far as NTMs are concerned 就NTMs而言
resource allocation 资源配置
sth translates into: sth意味着:
the number of varieties 品种的数量
compliance costs 合规成本
The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. 本文的其余部分组织如下。
As before, 如前所述,
To this end, 为此,
as one goes further back. 随着时间推移
More significantly, 更重要的是,
overstates 夸大了…
Concretely, 具体而言,
weigh on… 对…造成(负担)影响
rather, 相反,
generic functional formulation 一般函数公式
is silent about… 对…未提及
that is, 也就是说,
For reasons of brevity, 为简洁起见,
Most notably, 最值得注意的是,
all but vanish 几乎消失了